My Synopsis
Synopsis:
According to Brian Duignan (2020), author of
" Journalism:
Introduction, History, The profession, Present-day journalism,” states that
Journalism, the collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related
commentary and feature
materials through such print and electronic media as
newspapers, magazines, books, blogs, webcasts, podcasts, social networking and social
media sites, and e-mail as well as through radio, motion pictures, and
television. The word journalism was originally applied
to the reportage of current
events in printed form, specifically newspapers, but with the advent of radio, television, and the Internet in
the 20th century the use of the term
broadened to include all printed and electronic communication dealing
with current affairs.
Synopsis: A matter of facts : The News Values and Elements (Meting 2)
According
to Dianne Smith, MJE (2006), author of “Introduction to Journalism Student
Activities Book”, state that News is that part of communication that keeps us
informed of the changing events, issues, and characters in the world outside.
Though it may be interesting or even entertaining, the foremost value of news
is as a utility to empower the informed. The news is made up of opinions as
well facts, and that those opinions, in the form quotes, help to make a story
come alive. Journalists are looking out for news stories that attract a
significant audience or readership. They must discover which information is
newsworthy and filter out that which is of little interest. By applying a set
of guidelines or criteria, they can identify what material will make the best
stories. We call these guidelines “news values”.
Synopsis: News story structure: News Writing (news writing rubric) (Meeting 3)
According
to Dianne Smith, MJE (2006), author of “Introduction to Journalism Student
Activities Book”, state that the inverted pyramid is the primary form of news
writing which places the information in the story in the order of decreasing
importance. News briefs are very concise stories, generally between two and
four paragraphs, which give very basic information about an event or situation
which merits coverage but does not require a full-blown story. The news writing
style is the prose style used for news reporting in media such as newspapers,
radio and television. News stories also contain at least one of the following
important characteristics relative to the intended audience: proximity,
prominence, timeliness, human interest, oddity, or consequence.
Synopsis:
According to Dianne Smith, MJE (2010), author of
“Introduction to Journalism”, state that there are several ways
that news is gathered by reporters and editors including: eyewitness accounts,
events calendars/futures books, press releases, stringers/freelance
contributors, beat system, wire services, interviews, and background research.
Interview is a reporting process by asking sources to dig up information or
information. Sources in interviews can be observers, perpetrators, witnesses,
victims, and anyone with information. In conducting the interview, you must be
prepared carefully and well. For example, prepare questions using the Ws and H
to form relevant questions that will get the interviewee to open up with you.
The what, how and why are especially good for this because these questions
cause the interviewee to explain something to you, and that means he or see
will be speaking in entire sentences, possibly even paragraphs, rather than in
one-word responses.
Synopsis: (Background) Research: Investigative Reporting and Other Methods in News-Gathering) (Meeting 5)
According to Dianne Smith, MJE (2010), author of “Introduction to Journalism”, state that before composing questions to ask during an interview, it is often necessary to do some background research, either on the topic to be discussed or on the person you are about to interview. This may involve reading previously published articles on the topic or concerning the interviewee, looking up biographies of the interviewee or searching for information on the Internet. It often means asking questions of people who know something about the topic or the interview just to get background information. Investigative reporting is one of a kind in Journalism. Definitions of investigative reporting vary, among professional journalism groups there is broad agreement of its major components: systematic, in-depth, and original research and reporting, often involving the unearthing of secrets. Looking for news gathering is the daily work of journalists, especially journalists or correspondents, in journalism there are several methods for gathering news, namely observation, telephone conversations, research and interviews.
Synopsis:
According to Dianne Smith, MJE (2010), author of
“Introduction to Journalism”, state that Feature stories are
stories about people and what they do. They can be in a variety of forms and
can be any length, from the very brief featurette to the magazine length, in
depth feature. They are written much more creatively than news stories because
they are not locked into a particular structure. Meanwhile, feature leads is
the introduction of the story. The focus is on whatever the reporter feels will
draw readers into the story and make them want to read every word. There are
several common types of feature leads, namely: allusion leads, anecdotal leads,
contrast leads, parody leads, narrative lead, descriptive lead, startling
statement lead, question lead, quotation lead.
A feature needs more than a seductive lead and punchy
ending. It has to be hold the reader’s attention throughout with moments of
suspense and resolution. The techniques help sustain a piece are: (1)
repetition of core themes, metaphors, and figurative language; (2) varying
sentence and paragraph length and pace; (3) consider the point of view; (4) the
end of the story.
Synopsis:
According to Dianne Smith, MJE (2010), author of “Introduction to Journalism”, state that Personality profiles: These are stories that give us a more complete picture of a person. The person may be in the public eye, which always causes readers to be interested, or the person may be just someone who is very talented, outspoken or accomplished. The profile should focus on one aspect of the person’s life, rather than trying to answer a mishmash of questions that do not go together. The story should show what makes this person unique and should include anecdotes from the person’s life. A news feature is a type of feature story written in the style of a news article. It tackles a topic with painstaking detail and requires facts and research to back the story.
Synopsis: A Matter of Opinion: What an Editorial Does (Writing an Editorial / Editorial Cartoon: Drawing Cartoons) (Meeting 9)
Smith,Dianne & MJE. 2006. Introduction to Journalism, state that basically, opinion comes from the absorption of English, namely opinion which means a response or opinion on something that can be expressed in written or oral form. Therefore, for some people, there are those who prefer to express their opinions orally and there are also those who are more comfortable giving their opinions on a matter through writing. Editorial text is one form of articles that we can find in newspapers. In writing, the editorial text is written by the editor of the relevant newspaper.In the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture's e-Module: Editorial Text, an editorial text is an article in a newspaper that contains an opinion or editorial view on an actual event or is being hotly discussed when the newspaper is published. In simple terms, an editorial text is an opinion or opinion written by the editor of a media on an actual issue in society. Well, the opinion written by this editor is considered the official view of the media on an actual issue.
Synopsis: Review writing: analyzing a movie review (Reviewing a movie/an art form) (Meeting 10)
Smith Dianne & MJE. 2010. Introduction to Journalism, state that a review is not a report. Its primary function is to be critical. Although it does contain factual information on which the writer’s opinion is based, the focus should be on the elements the reporter found to be worthy of mentioning. A review is a short review based on analysis and facts that are useful for themselves, owners of goods or services, and the general public. Here’s the definition, types, and how to do a review. However, criticism and suggestions in the form of a review should not be done arbitrarily. Reviews can provide views on certain qualities of a work, product or service. Review aims to provide information, ideas, or descriptions that are mostly practiced in the business field, usually discussing the advantages and disadvantages of a product or service.
Synopsis: Using Photographs: Writing Captions (Meeting 11)
Smith Dianne
& MJE. 2010. Introduction to Journalism, state that Photograph or photojournalism is a particular form of journalism
that employs images in order to tell a news story. It is now usually understood
to refer only to still images, but in some cases the term also refers to video
used in broadcast journalism. It collects, edits, and present for news material
for publication or broadcast that creates images in order to tell a story.
Captions are often the first element of a publication to be read. Captions are
an important part of journalism. The captions should be accurate and
informative. In fact, most readers tend to look at the pictures and captions of
the story before deciding whether to read the story for themselves. It should
be written in a consistent and concise format so that the press can push photos
for publication without delay.
Synopsis: Advertising: Creating an Advertisement (Meeting 12)
Smith Dianne & MJE. 2010. Introduction to Journalism, state that Advertising plays a vitally important role in publications, because that is what pays the bills. It also helps to educate the public about products, goods and services, and advertising helps to stimulate the economy. In scholastic publications, advertising is often sold by students to defray the cost of producing the newspaper, literary magazine or yearbook. Because publications often receive funding from schools (salaries for the instructors and equipment and supplies are often provided by the school district), and because scholastic newspapers are usually not in business to make a profit, the ration of ads to editorial matter is much lower. Advertising cannot create a need for a product or service, because as humans we have only the basic needs of food, clothing and shelter. There are two principal types of ads in a print publication, classified and display. Classified ads are all placed into one section of the newspaper under a variety of classifications, such as “help wanted,” “cars for sale,” “homes for rent.” They are usually priced by the word or the line of type and are small. A display ad is larger, priced by the block or column inch, and can appear anywhere in the publication.
Synopsis:
Smith Dianne & MJE. 2010. Introduction to Journalism, state that Use the following questions to brainstorm more questions. Put them in a logical order. Use your knowledge of your area to customize questions to get the answers you need. Survey random students at lunch time or after school, or provide a survey form for each student at school to fill out. If you do a random survey, after you get your results, you will need to find the average and multiply by the number of students at your school to get a school-wide picture. To convince potential advertisers that their ad in your newspaper or yearbook would be a good investment for them, it is necessary to provide the merchants with facts and figures to prove to them how much impact your students have on the local economy. Using the following as a guide, develop a survey that can be used to determine the spending habits of your readers. The result of a survey should be that it convinces merchants that your publication is a good place to reach a valuable group of customers.
Synopsis: Writing for Broadcast, Analyzing Radio News, Analyzing Television News (Meeting 14)
Smith Dianne & MJE. 2010. Introduction to Journalism, state that Even though both broadcast and print journalism share the common goal of informing the public, the methods of going about this task are completely different for each type of medium. Broadcast journalism, both for radio and TV, is quicker paced. Broadcast media are immediate, bringing news from the scene into viewers and listeners’ homes. Television has the added impact of being visual. Viewers can tune into their local news programs at scheduled times or they can tune into any number of 24-hour news programs on cable. The news is concise and to the point. However, if viewers want complete details, television and radio journalism probably will not deliver. The readers will turn to newspapers, which are not as speedy with the news, but which are more thorough. Since newspapers are, for the most part, published once a day, reporters have a little more time to gather the facts and compile the information into complete story packages. Broadcast journalists have the advantage of being able to update stories as more information becomes available, but most news stories on television are two minutes or less in length, because viewers will not listen any longer than that.
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